Monocycle internal combustion engine



mm?! 15, 332. 1 J. C. BOESS'ENECKER 4 0 v MONQCYCLE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed April 21; 1930 2 sheets-sheet 1 llllll! Juan?" 4... aw... 4M 5; Jilarny:

March 15, 1932.

J. c. BOESSENECKER 49,220

MONOCYCLE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 "Filed April 21, 1930 )l/l//'///7///'/U i wehlor Patented Mar. 15 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT, OFFICE MONOGYCLE INTERNAL COZMIIB'I'JSTION ENGINE Application filed April 21, 1930, Serial No. 446,066, and in Germany .Tune 19, 1929.

The internal combustion engines of known type 'with rotatable abutments and rotary pistons circulating in an annular space, are of very complicated construction, as they require, for the comparatively simple proceeding of the valve controlling, several gear wheels, levers, springs, cam discs, cams and so forth and also other engine elements. The meshing of these different control elements produces evidently disturbing noises, vibrations and Wear, and even breakage, so that the engine must become unfit for use.

This invention has for its object, to obviate these-inconveniences in omitting those elements, which are liable to wear and break, so that the engine consists of only the really indispensable main elements,-such as pistons, cylinders and gas chamber. Only the pressure from the air pressure chamber is utilized for controlling the valves. In small size engines the air pressure chamber can be omitted, and the valves are controlled by the pressure existing in the gas chamber. The efficiency and duration of the engine are thereby considerably increased.

Inengines of known type it is very diflicult to properly pack the explosion chamber.

This problem is perfectly solved accord- 4 ing to the invention as the pressure increasing at the combustion effects this packing automatically.

An embodiment of the invention is illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawings in which:

ig. 1 shows the engine in cross section.

. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section on line II-II of Fig. 3.

Fig. 3 is a horizontal section through the valve on line IIIIII of Fig. 1.

The reference numerals in the drawings designate the following elements: 1the piston, 2, the rotatable piston wheel, 3, the passages in the rotatable piston wheel for open ing the valves (Fig. 2), 4, outer housing, 5, 45 space for water for cooling, 6, cylinder, 7-, 1 channel in the valve for exhaust, 8, abutment," 9, channel in the cylinder wall for. exhaust, 10, bead on the abutment 'onjwhich the pressure from the air pres- 5 sure chamber or from the gas chamber acts (Fig, 3), 11, inlet ports in the gas chamber, 12, the gas chamber rim, 13, channels in the rotatable piston wheel for closing the valves (Fig. 2), 14, gas chamber,- 15, ports in the piston wheel for admission, 16, channel foropening the-valves in the wall of the. gas chamber-or air pressure chamber, 16a, channel for closing'the valves in the wall of the gas chamber or air pressure chamber, 17, sparking plugs, 18, shaft, 19, inner wall ofthe gasor air pressure chamber, 20, admission conduit from the compressor into the air pressure chamber, 21, channels in the cylinder wall for opening the valves, 22, channels in the cylinder wall for closing the valves, 23, air pressure chamber, 24, supply conduit from compressor to the gas chamber, 25, aperture in the valve, 26, movable pins, 27, movable pins, 28, bars sunk in the valve, 29, bars sunk in the valve, 30, valve spring, 31, valve ring, 32, cover plate, 33, exhaust channel in the piston wheel for the air or gas used for controlling the abutment.

An exhaust channel opposite an admission channel 3 or 13 so that an admission. and an exhaust come into operation at the same time.

The operation of the engine is as'follows:

The compressor of known type produces the gas mixture with the necessary pressure and feeds it through the channel 24 into the gas chamber 14 in which permanently a pressure of at least 5 atms. exists. The shaft 18 is then revolved by means of a starter or crank so that the piston wheel 3 rotates. Behind every piston 1 an admission port 15 is arranged and in the outer wall of the gas chamber the number of ports 11 corresponds to that of the valves. When the ports 11 and 15 register (Fig. 1 the valve at the top end) the gas mixture flows from'the gas chamber 14 through the ports 11 and 15 into the explosion space which is situated between the piston 1 and the abutment 8. As the piston wheel rotates continually and consequently port 15 moves away from port 11, the explosionor combustion space .lS shut off from the gas chamber. At this moment thesparking plug 17 ignitesv and the explosion takes place whereby the piston is driven to the next fol- 33 must each time lie lowing abutment where the same proceeding repeats itself.

The gases from combustion are discharged in that the front portion of the next followin piston scavenges them through the channeIs 7 into the inner hollow space of the abutments 8 whence they escape into the atmosphere through the exhaust channel 9 in the cylinder wall.

The valves are controlled by means of the gasor air pressure from the gas chamber 14 or from the air pressure chamber 23, when, at the suitable moment, the channels 3 in the rotatable piston wheel, moving ahead the piston, and the channels 21 in the cylinder wall come to register with channels 16 in the wall of the gasor air chamber. The pressure acts then upon the bead 10 of the abutment 8 so that this abutment is rapidly rotated i. e. opened, so that the piston can slide through. Immediately hereafter the slot 13 in the piston wheel following directly after the piston establishes the same communication, and the abutment is rotated in reverse direction i. e. closed so that the combustion space is formed.

The automatic packing of the combustion space takes place as follows As soon as the abutment has completed the closing rotation the gas under high pressure flows from the gas chamber into the explosion space through the ports 11 and 15. As the channel 25 (Fig. 2) in the valve communicates with the explosion space, also the pressure actually existing in this explosion space will act upon the pins 26 and 27, and as these pins are movable and rigidly connected with the bars 28 and 29 sunk into the abuts ment, these bars are pressed against the wall of the abutment housing so that escaping of ex losion gas at this point is impossible.

en the pressure in the cylinder decreases, the pins and therefore also the bars 28 and 29 are liberated and the abutments 8.

can open again.

The valve is pressed by the action of a spiral spring 30 upon its seat, i. e. against the piston wheel so that also at this point escaping of the compressed gases is excluded.v

Valve rings 31 and the cover plate 32 prevent escaping of the over pressure in the cylinder.

I claim:

' 1. A monocycle internal combustion engine, comprisin in combination with a driven shaft, a cylin or surrounding said driven shaft having exhaust channels, abutment opening and closing channels in its wall, abutment housings on said cylinder, an oscillatable abutment in each housing having a cut out portion in its lower end, a piston wheel keyed on said driven shaft concentric to said cylinder and spaced from the same so that an annular space is formed between said piston wheel and the inner surface of said cylinder said piston wheel having abutment opening channels and abutment closing channels and admission ports, pistons projecting from said piston wheel, a sparking plug at the side of each abutment, a stationary gas chamber in said piston wheel having admission ports and abutment opening and abutment closing channels, an air pressure chamber in said gas chamber having a gas opening channel, and a head on the outer surface of each abutment projecting into said abutment opening and closing chambers in the cylinder abutment so that just before the piston reaches an abutment all the abutment opening channels register so that the gas pressure from said gas chamber acting upon said bead rapidly rotates the abutment to make the cut out portion in the abutment form a passage for the piston whereupon all the abutment opening channels register so that the air pressure for said air pressure chamber acting upon said head makes said abutment rotate back into the closing position.

2. A monocycle internal combustion engine as specified in claim 1, in which the gas mixture under high pressure in the gas chamber acts upon the abutment beads to very rapidly rotate said abutments 90 to be closed again by the air pressure from the air chamber.

3. A monocycle internal combustion engine as specified in claim 1, comprising in combination with the housings and abutments the latter having an aperture connecting with the space between cylinder and piston wheel serving as combustion chamber, a pin movable in each abutment, and two packing bars in each abutment adapted to be operated by said pins to be pressed with strong pressure against the inner surface of a housing for automatically packing the abutment by the pressure from ex losion.

In testimony whereof afiix my signature.

JOHANN CHR. BOESSENECKER. 

